Revolutions of the planets

The ancient Indian astronomers attempted to determine how many times the planets had rotated around the Earth since the beginning of their epoch, the beginning of the current Kaliyuga (Feb 17-18, 3102 BC). The resulting rotation estimates were used in various astronomical calculations.

Āryabhaṭa gives numbers in his that were later used by other astronomers. Putumana Somayāji, for example, in his, and Lalla in.

The gives slightly different numbers.

Subbarayappa and Sarma (citing Roger Billard) discuss about how the Bija correction was applied to Āryabhaṭa's calculations by Vaṭeśvara.

Āryabhaṭa II and Bhāskara II each give revolutions in a kalpa (1,000 times longer than a mahayuga, i.e. ~ 4 billion years)